Process of refining crude cotton-seed oil.



JESSE G. CHISHOLM, 0F DALLAS, TEXAS.

PROCESS OF BEFINING CRUDE COTTON-SEED 01L.

noaaeea.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 26, 1911.

Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

Serial No. 656,812.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that T, Jnssn C. CmsHoLM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Refining Crude Cotton-Seed Oil, of which the follow: ing is a specification.

This invention relates to processes of refining oil and has particular reference to a process of refining crude cotton seed oil.

The principal object of this invention is to provide a process of refining crude cotton seed oil which will increase the yield of re fined oil of the required color, odor and flavor.

In Letters Patent No. 1,007 ,642, for a process of refining crude cotton seed oil, granted to me under date of October 31, 1911, I

have described and claimed a process of refining cotton seed oil which consists in subjecting the oil to the action of an alkaline silicate until the acidity of the oil' is approxi mately overcome, then subjecting it to the action of an alkaline hydroxid and finally separating the oil from the soap stock formed. Now I have discovered that in some cases improved results may be obtained by neutralizing the oil with an alkaline silicate and then treating the oil with a mixture of alkaline hydroxid and alkaline carbonate. A y

In the practice of my process in its preferred form crude cotton seed oil is treated with an aqueous solution of a water soluble alkaline silicate preferably silicate of sodium (Na Si O although any other sodium silicate or mixtures of sodium silicates may be used.

I have found that in place of using sodium silicates I may employ the corresponding potassium silicates and obtain satisfactory results.

The strength of the solution of the alkaline silicate and the proportion of such silicates to the crude oil under treatment vary widelyaccording to the character of the oil. I have found however that satisfactory results can be obtained by the addition of from one to three parts by weight of an alkaline silicate solution of from 15 to 20 Baum to one hundred parts by weight of approximately 75 to 90 F, the agitation,

being continued and the temperature maintained until the oil grains, from the separation of soap stock and the yellow color of the foam on the oil changes to a darker shade. This efiect takes place when the fatty acids contained in the oil are neutralized by the action of the alkaline silicate which has been added thereto, the oil being rendered neutral or alkaline. There is then gradually added to the mixture from two to eight per cent. by weight of a mixture of preferably equal parts by weight of a solution of alkaline hydroxid, preferably sodium hydroxid of from 20 to 22 Baum, and a solution of alkaline carbonate preferably sodium carbonate of from 20 to 33 Baum.

This alkaline mixture is added until a tiltered sample of the treated oil shows an oil of the required color.

Having obtained oil of the required color the addition of the alkaline mixture is continued and tests are made from time to time upon removed samples, by heating such samples to preferably from approximately 120 to 140 F, the alkaline solution being added until such samples are found to reach the critical point, that is to say, the point at which the soap stock precipitate in the 7 of the oilshows'that the soap stock therein will settle rapidly and completely from the refined. oil. Theoil is then allowed to stand preferably from two to twenty-four hours until the soap stock has completely settled. The supernatant oil is then drawn 03 or otherwise separated from the soap stock and heated to preferably about 150 F., to free-the same from water. ltf desired, air

may be pumped through the refined oil to accelerate= the drying operation. The reis then-filtered.

in the practical operation of my While process iprefer to heat the oil as indicated,

some measure of success in the tactics of the process'may be obtained without subtsinecl throughout the {you he out spplicstion of ertifi At .othes seasons the yes? sncl sections of this countrm some meesure 01 success may s olotsinecl prolonged meet with the rese'ents set forth, W1 iout any 21 l' i F 1 L some in eleisil n 01 i e solution cool the proportions us ieogents which i p:

I the sonic fer to "nploy, is to he understood that any recess is not restricted thereto, hut that s of such solutions sncl the preo tions ins he Wiclely VZLTlBCl porting from the spirit of invention or the scope of the sppentlecl clsims. This Wicle veiistion in the strength of solution and 'pioportions of theresgents is neeessitseeel hjy reason of Widely Varying chstsctets cituele cotton seecl oils received sowing thus clescrihecl my l e-invention, l

oeocess ot refining crude cotton oil much consists in suhgecting to the the oil is approximately overcome to the action. of so alliedronicl eiul on sline CZElQOnEtS and .7 the oil More the soap stee process oi" cruel-e cotton of on elltsline silicate until the acidthe silicste being aclelecl until the sci of the oil is approximately overcome tliei, subjecting it to the action of heat and s inixtuie an alkaline hych'oxiel sncl alkaline carbonate and separating the oil from the soap stock termed.

The process of "etining crucle CQ'iZ-LQ; seed oil which consists in suhjectin it to the action of an alkaline silicate until the acidity oi the oil is uppro" coine maintaining the tenipeisture iniXt-me st from approximately 75 to Q0 F, until the separation of soap stock is of} parent in the oil, adding on aqueous solution of an alkaline hych'ozifl and an alkaline csiloonste thereto insintsining the tempers-- time of the oil until a test sample of the uni;- ture shows the required coloi melding sclclitionsl slimline hydrosticl and. alkaline cerbonste until in a test sample the ini ieinovecl sncl hestecl to spproii ieetely 2L lZQ to 140 51, the soap stochv piecipitste separates mpielly and completely from the oil, then heating the mass of trestecl oil to preferably from 100 to 120 R, such hes";- ing being continued until the soap settles rspiclly sncl completely from the oil, sllow-- ing the soap stock to settle snel separating the oil from the soap stock.

lln testimony whereof ll s'fiix my signature in presence oftWo Witnesses.

JESElE O C 

